Optimal sizing of Battery Energy Storage System in Microgrid by using Particle Swarm Optimization Technique

Abstract

The power generation from Renewable Energy Sources (RES) is intermittent in nature, therefore a 'generation - demand' mismatch always exists, which leads to reliability and energy management issues which  can be solved by introducing Energy Storage Systems (ESS). This paper proposes a sizing methodology to optimize the components of microgrid which includes Photovoltaic System (PV) and Battery Energy Storage System (BESS).The aim is to minimize the Total Annual Cost (TAC) of the system which includes annual capital cost, annual maintenance cost and replacement cost over a 20 year life of project. The optimization problem is subject to economic parameters and technical constraints. The technical constraint related to system reliability is expressed by Loss of Power Supply Probability (LPSP). In this study, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is used for optimal sizing of PV system and BESS. The obtained simulation results are optimum PV panel number, battery number, inverter capacity and Diesel Generator (DG) capacity for backup purpose. The simulation results of the PSO algorithm is verified with Iterative Search Based (ISB) algorithm. It is observed, simulation time of PSO is faster than ISB algorithm.To optimise system, meteorological data such as solar radiation and typical load curve is considered. A real time case study of Symbiosis Campus Pune India is reported to show the efficacy of the developed algorithm.