Nitazoxanide/Camostat combination for COVID-19: An unexplored potential therapy

Abstract

Novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) lies behind the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its ripple effects has brought major challenges to worldwide health systems. Urgent strategies are required to manage this pandemic and repurposing of existing drugs offer an option forward. A combination drug therapy for COVID-19 aims to prevent both the virus entry/spread as well as quelling the immune system havocs that the virus wreaks in the human body. This article analyzes Nitazoxanide/Camostat combination for their potential activity against SARS-CoV-2. Nitazoxanide, FDA approved drug potentiates host antiviral response, thereby reducing viral replication, titer and ensuing immune dysregulation. Camostat, a potent serine protease inhibitor blocks viral cell entry along with the potential to decrease COVID-19-associated hypercoagulability. Both the drugs do not inhibit cyp P450 enzymes and could be co-administered. Based on the combined pathophysiological and pharmacological potential, the drugs combination potentially recommended for early evaluation and clinical trials of this combination.